Current Journal Issue - Volume 28 Issue 1 (January 2010)
- Stem Cells Continues to Perform and Flourish
- Miodrag Stojković
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Dec 21, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.287
No abstract.
- Law, Ethics, Religion, and Clinical Translation in the 21st Century
- Alan Trounson
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Dec 08, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.272
No abstract.
- Law, Ethics, Religion, and Clinical Translation in the 21st Century - A Discussion with John Sinden
- Majlinda Lako, Alan Trounson, Susan Daher
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Dec 08, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.273
No abstract.
- NOTCH Pathway Blockade Depletes CD133-Positive Glioblastoma Cells and Inhibits Growth of Tumor Neurospheres and Xenografts
- Xing Fan, Leila Khaki, Thant S. Zhu, Mary E. Soules, Caroline E. Talsma, Naheed Gul, Cheryl Koh, Jiangyang Zhang, Yue-Ming Li, Jarek Maciaczyk, Guido Nikkhah, Francesco DiMeco, Sara Piccirillo, Angelo L. Vescovi, Charles G. Eberhart
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 10, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.254
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be critical for the engraftment and long-term growth of many tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM). The cells are at least partially spared by traditional chemotherapies and radiation therapies, and finding new treatments that can target CSCs may be critical for improving patient survival. It has been shown that the NOTCH signaling pathway regulates normal stem cells in the brain, and that GBMs contain stem-like cells with higher NOTCH activity. We...
- Notch Promotes Radioresistance of Glioma Stem Cells
- Jialiang Wang, Timothy P. Wakeman, Justin D. Lathia, Anita B. Hjelmeland, Xiao-Fan Wang, Rebekah R. White, Jeremy N. Rich, Bruce A. Sullenger
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 17, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.261
Radiotherapy represents the most effective nonsurgical treatments for gliomas. However, gliomas are highly radioresistant and recurrence is nearly universal. Results from our laboratory and other groups suggest that cancer stem cells contribute to radioresistance in gliomas and breast cancers. The Notch pathway is critically implicated in stem cell fate determination and cancer. In this study, we show that inhibition of Notch pathway with -secretase inhibitors (GSIs) renders the glioma stem...
- Characterization of Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule as a Surface Marker on Undifferentiated Human Embryonic Stem Cells
- Valerie Y. Ng, Sheu Ngo Ang, Jia Xin Chan, Andre B.H. Choo
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Sep 25, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.221
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the capacity to remain pluripotent and self-renew indefinitely. To discover novel players in the maintenance of hESCs, we have previously reported the generation of monoclonal antibodies that bind to cell surface markers on hESCs, and not to mouse embryonic stem cells or differentiated embryoid bodies. In this study, we have identified the antigen target of one such monoclonal antibody as the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). In undifferentiated...
- Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts to Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells under Xeno-free Conditions
- Ignasi Rodríguez-Pizà, Yvonne Richaud-Patin, Rita Vassena, Federico González, María José Barrero, Anna Veiga, Angel Raya, Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 03, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.248
The availability of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has created extraordinary opportunities for modeling and perhaps treating human disease. However, all reprogramming protocols used to date involve the use of products of animal origin. Here, we set out to develop a protocol to generate and maintain human iPSC that would be entirely devoid of xenobiotics. We first developed a xeno-free cell culture media that supported the long-term propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to a...
- FGF2 Specifies hESC-Derived Definitive Endoderm into Foregut/Midgut Cell Lineages in a Concentration-Dependent Manner
- Jacqueline Ameri, Anders Ståhlberg, Jesper Pedersen, Jenny K. Johansson, Martina M. Johannesson, Isabella Artner, Henrik Semb
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 03, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.249
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling controls axis formation during endoderm development. Studies in lower vertebrates have demonstrated that FGF2 primarily patterns the ventral foregut endoderm into liver and lung, whereas FGF4 exhibits broad anterior-posterior and left-right patterning activities. Furthermore, an inductive role of FGF2 during dorsal pancreas formation has been shown. However, whether FGF2 plays a similar role during human endoderm development remains unknown. Here, we...
- A Novel Signaling by Vitamin A/Retinol Promotes Self Renewal of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells by Activating PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway via Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor
- Liguo Chen, Jaspal S. Khillan
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 04, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.251
Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells are a potential source of all types of cells for regenerative medicine. ES cells maintain pluripotency through a complex interplay of different signaling pathways and transcription factors, including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), Nanog, Sox2, and Oct3/4. Nanog, however, plays a key role in maintaining the pluripotency of mouse and human ES cells. Phosphoinositde 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway which is activated in response to growth factors and...
- Excision of Reprogramming Transgenes Improves the Differentiation Potential of iPS Cells Generated with a Single Excisable Vector
- Cesar A. Sommer, Andreia Gianotti Sommer, Tyler A. Longmire, Constantina Christodoulou, Dolly D. Thomas, Monica Gostissa, Fred W. Alt, George J. Murphy, Darrell N. Kotton, Gustavo Mostoslavsky
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 10, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.255
The residual presence of integrated transgenes following the derivation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is highly undesirable. Here we demonstrate efficient derivation of iPS cells free of exogenous reprogramming transgenes using an excisable polycistronic lentiviral vector. A novel version of this vector containing a reporter fluorochrome allows direct visualization of vector excision in living iPS cells in real time. We find that removal of the reprogramming vector markedly improves...
- Characterization of Gastrulation-Stage Progenitor Cells and Their Inhibitory Crosstalk in Human Embryoid Bodies
- Oded Kopper, Odil Giladi, Tamar Golan-Lev, Nissim Benvenisty
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 17, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.260
Human embryoid bodies (HEBs) are cell aggregates that are produced during the course of embryonic stem cell differentiation in suspension. Mature HEBs have been shown to contain derivatives of the three embryonic germ layers. In this study, using a combination of laser capture microscopy followed by DNA microarray analysis and cell sorting, we demonstrate that early HEBs are composed of three major cell populations. These cell populations can be defined by the expression of specific cell...
- Expression of GFP Under the Control of the RNA Helicase VASA Permits Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting Isolation of Human Primordial Germ Cells
- Katarzyna Tilgner, Stuart P. Atkinson, Sun Yung, Anna Golebiewska, Miodrag Stojkovic, Ruben Moreno, Majlinda Lako, Lyle Armstrong
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 23, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.263
The isolation of significant numbers of human primordial germ cells at several developmental stages is important for investigations of the mechanisms by which they are able to undergo epigenetic reprogramming. Only small numbers of these cells can be obtained from embryos of appropriate developmental stages, so the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells is essential to obtain sufficient numbers of primordial germ cells to permit epigenetic examination. Despite progress in the enrichment...
- Challenges of Stem Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: Human Embryonic Stem Cells, Endogenous Neural Stem Cells, or Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells?
- Mohammad Ronaghi, Slaven Erceg, Victoria Moreno-Manzano, Miodrag Stojkovic
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 10, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.253
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes myelopathy, damage to white matter, and myelinated fiber tracts that carry sensation and motor signals to and from the brain. The gray matter damage causes segmental losses of interneurons and motoneurons and restricts therapeutic options. Recent advances in stem cell biology, neural injury, and repair, and the progress toward development of neuroprotective and regenerative interventions are the basis for increased optimism. This review summarizes the...
- Enhanced Hematovascular Contribution of SCL 3′ Enhancer Expressing Fetal Liver Cells Uncovers Their Potential to Integrate in Extramedullary Adult Niches
- Antonio M. Garcia-Ortega, Ana Cañete, Cristina Quinter, Lev Silberstein, Marina Piquer-Gil, Manuel Alvarez-Dolado, Benjamin Dekel, Berthild Gottgens, María-José Sánchez
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Sep 25, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.228
Fetal liver (FL) hematopoietic progenitors have superior blood engraftment competence compared with adult bone marrow (BM), however less is known about FL in vivo vascular capacity. Here we show in transplantation assays that FL cells possess enhanced vascular endothelial potential compared with adult bone marrow. We generated high-level hematopoietic chimeras using donor cells from mice transgenic for the stem cell leukaemia 3 enhancer human placental alkaline phosphatase (SCL3Enh-PLAP)...
- An FGF4-FRS2α-Cdx2 Axis in Trophoblast Stem Cells Induces Bmp4 to Regulate Proper Growth of Early Mouse Embryos
- Michiko Murohashi, Takahisa Nakamura, Satoshi Tanaka, Taeko Ichise, Nobuaki Yoshida, Tadashi Yamamoto, Masabumi Shibuya, Joseph Schlessinger, Noriko Gotoh
- Published in Wiley Interscience on Nov 03, 2009
- DOI: 10.1002/stem.247
A variety of stem cells are controlled by the actions of multiple growth factors in vitro. However, it remains largely unclear how growth factors control the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in vivo. Here, we describe a novel paracrine mechanism for regulating a stem cell niche in early mammalian embryos, which involves communication between the inner cell mass (ICM) and the trophectoderm, from which embryonic stem (ES) cells and trophoblast stem (TS) cells can be derived,...






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